Syria
Syria
Brief history of the province excerpted from UNRV History- Roman Empire.
Rome’s Desert Frontier: Chapter One: Physical and Human Geography
By David Kennedy and Derrick Riley. Excerpted from Rome’s Desert Frontier University of Texas Press, Austin, 1990. Courtesy of Internet History Sourcebooks.
Syria – in ancient sources @ attalus.org
This page © Andrew Smith, 2010
Provincia Syria Palaestina – The Formation of Today’s Middle East
Courtesy of Rome Across Europe.
Syria Palaestina
“Syria Palaestina was a Roman province between 135 and about 390.It was established by the merger of Roman Syria and Roman Judaea, following the defeat of the Bar Kokhba Revolt in AD 135.”. Courtesy of YouTube
The Eastern Mediterranean and Syria, 1-500 A.D.
Courtesy of Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Who was who in the Roman Empire: Syria
List of Roman governors of Syria
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Appian’s History of Rome: The Syrian Wars (§§52-55)
The translation was made by Horace White; notes and additions in green by Jona Lendering. Courtesy of Livius.org. © Jona Lendering.
The Parthian invasion of Syria 51-50 B.C.
Excerpted from PersianEmpire.info.
Narratives of Roman Syria: a historiography of Syria as a province of Rome
By Lidewijde de Jong. Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics.
Syria Palaestina
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Narratives of Roman Syria: a historiography of Syria as a province of Rome
By Lidewijde de Jong. Princeton/Stanford Working Papers in Classics.
Zeugma Archaeological Project
Under the direction of Ankara University, Department of Archaeology. Zeugma Archeological Project © 2009
Zeugma
“The city had been the capital of allied kings of the Roman Empire one of whom, Antiochus IV, was described as a man “who had inherited great wealth and was the richest client-king of all” (Tacitus Hist 2.81.1). In the first century AD, the kingdom was annexed by Rome to the province of Syria, the city flourished as a frontier town of the Roman Empire, and an entire legion of 5000 soldiers was placed there. Written sources provided occasional insights at various points during its subsequent history but the flesh for these boneswas to be found within the town wall circuit of 5 km enclosing some 250 ha/ 600 acres, and beyond it in the remains of the ancient villages, farms, aqueducts, quarries and roads of its hinterland.”
Zeugma: A Roman site in Asia Minor…
” ZEUGMA lies on the EUPHRATES river, which served as a link between ANATOLIA and MESOPOTAMIA from the earliest times.It is near the village of BELKIS 10 km. east of NISIBIS (Nizip) in the province of GAZIANTEP. Zeugma and Samosata (today known as Belkis and Samsat respectively) were situated at the two easiest points for crossing this great river In particular, this route was used to bring timber from the AMANUS and TAURUS mountains to the first literate, urban civilizations of Southern Mesopotamia and probably by Assyrian traders in metals passing to and from their outpost at Kultepe in Central Anatolia.”
A Brief History of Zeugma
By Dr. M. Semih SUMMAK (P.hD) .
Zeugma (Belkis)
Courtesy of Livius.org. All content copyright © 1995–2016 Livius.org. All rights reserved.
Excavations at Zeugma: conducted by Oxford University
Edited by William Alyward
Legio III Augusta in the East. Evidence from Zeugma on the Euphrates
By Michael Alexander Speidel. Courtesy of Academia.edu.
Military Installations at Zeugma: An Overview of the Swiss Archaeological Investigations, 2001‒2003
By M. Hartman and M. A. Speidel.
Archaeologists Unearth Three Ancient Greek Mosaics in the Ongoing Excavation in Zeugma, Turkey
By Courtesy of the Laughing Squid.
Beautiful Mosaics From The Ancient City Of Zeugma
Courtesy of MessageTO Eagle .com.
Lebanon 1200 Images
“All the images on these pages are the Copyright of the Ministry of Tourism, Lebanon and may not be used without the ministry’s permission. Images of print quality and permission for use can be requested from the Ministry of Tourism at .” Excellent catalogue of images from Lebanon assembled by the American University of Beriut.
Vaballathus and Zenobia (270-272 A.D.)
Copyright (C) 1997. Jacqueline F. Long. Excerpted from the DIR :An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors.
Ancient History Sourcebook: Vopiscus: Aurelian’s Conquest of Palmyra, 273 CE
From: William Stearns Davis, ed., Readings in Ancient History: Illustrative Extracts from the Sources, 2 Vols. (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1912-13), Vol. II: Rome and the West, pp. ??. Courtesy of the Internet Ancient History Sourcebook.
Baalbek
Courtesy of Focus Online Magazine.
Dura-Europos,’Pompeii of the Syrian Desert’
Dura-Europos is an ancient city in Eastern Syria, destroyed by war and abandoned in the third century AD. Excavations in the 1920s and 30s, renewed since the 1980s, have revealed spectacular remains of elaborately decorated buildings (including a painted synagogue and a very early Christian shrine), and astonishingly well-preserved artefacts. These famous finds led to the city being dubbed the Pompeii of the Syrian desert. Courtesy of Simon James.
Dura-Europos: A Border City of the Euphrates River
By Shawn T. Norris. Excerpted from Rome Across Europe.
Dura-Europos: Excavating Antiquity
Courtesy of Yale University Art Gallery.
The final siege of Dura: ancient ‘chemical warfare’?
“Recent archival work reappraising the evidence for the final siege of the site suggested that twenty Roman soldiers killed in a siege-tunnel during the final struggle for the town were victims of early ‘chemical warfare'”
Dura Europos: Crossroads of Cultures
By Carly Silver. Courtesy of Archaeology magazine.
Roman Soldiers in the City of Dura Europos
By Simon James. A project examining the rich archaeological remains of one of Rome’s eastermost garrisons in the city of Dura on the Euphrates, University of Leicester. Courtesy of Archaeology magazine.
The Death of Dura Europos (Updated)
Courtesy of Zenobia: Empress of the East.
The Synagogue of Dura Europos
By Albert Ringer. Notes from Limmud 2009
The Dura Europos Synagogue: Theology of Art as Text.
By Samuel B. Harrelson
Jewish Identity at the Limus: The Earliest Reception of the Dura Europos Synagogue Paintings
By Steven Fine. Courtesy of academia.edu.
The Dura Europos Synagogue: Images of a Competitive Community Paintings
By Tessa Rajak.
“I am Hiya” Part 4 (Updated) Much More Graffiti in Dura Europos (3rd century CE)
Includes links to Part 1-3. Excerpted from Zenobia: Empress of the East.
Dura Europos Research Papers
Courtesy of Academia.edu
Seleucia in Peria
Seleucia in Pieria or Seleucia by the Sea: port in Syria, one of the four cities of the Syrian tetrapolis. Courtesy of Livius.org. © Jona Lendering.
Ancient Coins of Syria
Excerpted from Digital Historia Numerorum: A Manual of Greek Numismatics
The Silver Coinage of Roman Syria Under the Julio-Claudian Emperors
By Kevin Butcher1 and Matthew Ponting. “Analyses of 71 Roman provincial silver coins of the Julio-Claudian emperors (27 BC–AD 68) minted at Caesarea in Cappadocia and Antioch and Tyre in Syria are discussed in this paper”. Levant, Volume 41, Number 1, Spring 2009 , pp. 59-78(20).
Roman Syria
38 images of coins from Roman Syria. Excerpted from the Stoa Image gallery.
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