Commagene
Commagene
Courtesy of the Encyclopædia Iranica
Kingdom of Commagene
Courtesy of Wikipedia
Kingdom of Commagene
Courtesy of YouTube.
Commagene-in ancient sources @ attalus.org
This page © Andrew Smith, 2013
List of rulers of Commagene
“The Kingdom of Commagene was a small Hellenistic kingdom in southern Anatolia, near Antioch, which began life as a tributary state of the Seleucids, and later became an independent kingdom, before eventually being annexed by Rome in 72 AD.”From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Rulers of Commagene: chronology 170 BC-AD 72
Courtesy of I. Mladjov
Early Roman Rule in Commagene
By Michael Alexander Speidel. Courtesy of Academi.edu
Concerning The Calamity That Befell Antiochus, King Of Commagene. As Also Concerning The Alans And What Great Mischiefs They Did To The Medes And Armenians
Wars of the Jews by Flavius Josephus Book VII, Chapter 7
Nemrud Daği
Nemrud Daği: the tomb of king Antiochus I Theos of Commagene (r.70-31 BCE), famous for its uncommon sculpture. © Jona Lendering for Livius.Org, 2003 Revision: 29 Jan. 2012
Nemrud Dagi
“The famous statues of gods, goddesses and also the kings as well as the tumulus of 1.Antiochos Epiphanes, the king of Kommagene, are situated on Nemrud dagi (Nemrud mountain) which is located next to Kahta village of Adiyaman, a southeastern province of Turkey. The region in eastern Anatolia between Taurus mountains and Euphrates river was called Kommagene during the Hellenistic and Roman times. Beyond the sacred site on Nemrud dagi there were some settlements of the kingdom of Kommagene such as the cities of Samosata, Perre, Doliche and Germanikeia Kaisareia. The same region was called Kumuhu in Assurian documents which was mentioned as the land belonging to the late Hittite kingdom.” Courtesy of Focus Multimedia Magazine Online.
The lost Kingdom of Commagene
Courtesy of Unchatrted Ruins: Looking for the remnants of a lost civilization…
The lost Kingdom of Commagene-Part II
Courtesy of Unchatrted Ruins: Looking for the remnants of a lost civilization…
Nemrud Dag: Virtual Worlds Under Construction
“The Sanctuary of Nemrud Dagi is one of the most remarkable, best preserved, but least known monuments of Asia Minor.Ê The site, called by its builder a hierothesion, or “common dwelling place of all the gods next to the heavenly thrones,” is situated 2150m above sea level atop one of the highest peaks in the Anti-Taurus Mountains of southeastern Turkey near the banks of the Euphrates River.Ê The monument is one of the premier sites of the Late Hellenistic period. It was constructed by King Antiochus I of Commagene in the mid-1st century BCE to command a 360o view of the ranges, plains, and towns that comprised his ancient kingdom.Ê It became the main sanctuary of his ruler cult to which worshippers from all over this kingdom were expected to go on the monthly and yearly anniversary of the king’s birth and his accession to the throne.” Courtesy of Learning Sites, Inc. © 1996-2001 Learning Sites, Inc.
Nemrut Dagi, Turkey
Courtesy of Places of Peace and Power. ©1983-2009 Martin Gray
Nemrut Dagi Map
Courtesy of PlanetWare.com.
Zeugma Archaeological Project
Under the direction of Ankara University , Department of Archaeology. Zeugma Archeological Project © 2009
Excavations at Zeugma, Conducted by Oxford University Edited by William Aylward The Packard Humanities Institute Los Altos, California 2013
Courtesy of AWOL- The Ancient World Online
Zeugma
“The city had been the capital of allied kings of the Roman Empire one of whom, Antiochus IV, was described as a man “who had inherited great wealth and was the richest client-king of all” (Tacitus Hist 2.81.1). In the first century AD, the kingdom was annexed by Rome to the province of Syria, the city flourished as a frontier town of the Roman Empire, and an entire legion of 5000 soldiers was placed there. Written sources provided occasional insights at various points during its subsequent history but the flesh for these boneswas to be found within the town wall circuit of 5 km enclosing some 250 ha/ 600 acres, and beyond it in the remains of the ancient villages, farms, aqueducts, quarries and roads of its hinterland.”
Zeugma: A Roman site in Asia Minor…
” ZEUGMA lies on the EUPHRATES river, which served as a link between ANATOLIA and MESOPOTAMIA from the earliest times.It is near the village of BELKIS 10 km. east of NISIBIS (Nizip) in the province of GAZIANTEP. Zeugma and Samosata (today known as Belkis and Samsat respectively) were situated at the two easiest points for crossing this great river In particular, this route was used to bring timber from the AMANUS and TAURUS mountains to the first literate, urban civilizations of Southern Mesopotamia and probably by Assyrian traders in metals passing to and from their outpost at Kultepe in Central Anatolia.”
Roman Military Installations and New Inscriptions at Zeugma
By M, Hartmann and M. A. l Speidel. Courtesy of Academia.edu
Legio III Augusta in the East. Evidence from Zeugma on the Euphrates
By Michael Alexander Speidel. Courtesy of Academia.edu.
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